Developing Environmentally Sustainable and Cost-Effective Geopolymer Concrete with Improved Characteristics

Alexey N Beskopylny,Levon R Mailyan,Evgenii M Shcherban’,Sergey A Stel’Makh,Valery Varavka,Diana El’Shaeva,Besarion Meskhi

doi:10.3390/su132413607

Abstract

Improving the efficiency and quality of construction mainly depends on the cost of building materials, which is about 55–65% of total capital-construction costs. The study aimed to obtain geopolymer fine-grained concrete with improved quality characteristics that meet the construction field’s sustainable development criteria and that have environmental friendliness, economic efficiency, and advantages over competing analogues. The dependences of strength characteristics on various compositions of geopolymer concrete were obtained. It was found that the most effective activator is a composition of NaOH and Na2SiO3 with a ratio of 1:2. The increase in the indicators of the obtained geopolymer concrete from the developed composition (4A) in relation to the base control (1X) was 17% in terms of compressive strength and 24% in tensile strength in bending. Polynomial equations were obtained showing the dependence of the change in the strength characteristics of geopolymer concrete on the individual influence of each of the activators. A significant effect of the composition of the alkaline activator on the strength characteristics of geopolymer fine-grained concrete was noted. The optimal temperature range of heat treatment of geopolymer concrete samples, contributing to the positive kinetics of compressive strength gain at the age of 28 days, was determined. The main technological and recipe parameters for obtaining geopolymers with the desired properties, which meet the ecology requirements and are efficient from the point of view of economics, were determined.

Highlights

The values a 70 strength gain at the age of 28 up to 110%temperature and in the range from of the compressive strength were recorded for the samples of geopolymer fine-grained up to 130% compared to a heat-treatment temperature of 25 C
After reviewing and analyzing the literature [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31], the task was to compare the theoretical concepts of the formation of the structure of geopolymer concrete with the ideas of other authors and researchers
After conducting experimental studies, a comparative analysis was carried out between various types of components and raw materials for obtaining geopolymer concrete in this study and in studies previously conducted by other scientists

Summary

Introduction

Composite binders are essential in providing the construction industry with materials and a raw-materials base and indicate its development. The scale of capital construction sets the primary growth rates in the production of composite binders, on which its efficiency and the technical level of the final construction products directly depend [1,2,3]. The use of high-performance multicomponent binders of a new generation is the basis for the creation of high-quality concrete for various purposes with an optimal structure and predetermined improved properties, and in some cases, fundamentally new ones.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion