Abstract
In the present study, eleven cellulose degrading bacterial strains were isolated from water and soil samples of hot springs in the Chumathang village, Leh and Ladakh region, India. The isolated strains were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus aryabhattai, Bacillus stratosphericus, Bacillus altitudinis and Brevibacterium frigoritolerans by biochemical and molecular approaches. All the strains were evaluated for the total cellulase, endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase enzyme activities. On the basis of overall individual cellulose degrading enzyme activities, three strains were selected to develop consortium to enhance their cellulase enzyme activities. The potent cellulose degraders B. stratosphericus BHUJPV-H5, B. subtilis BHUJPV-H19 and B. subtilis BHUJPV-H12 were selected for the consortium development. The effect of cellulase activities of bacterial strains were evaluated ranged up to 6.06 and 0.72 mg ml-1glucose by agro-residues of sugarcane bagasse and wheat straw, respectively after 1 h of incubation. Total cellulase enzyme activity of consortium was recorded two times higher than the individual organisms. These strains can be used for enhancing bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass, which can consequently boost biofuel production industry.
Highlights
Cellulose degrading bacteria have three classes of enzymes which act synergistically on the cellulosic matrix to degrade it to monomer sugars
No bacterial strain is reported with all three classes of cellulase enzymes needed for cellulose degradation
There is a need to explore novel bacterial strains for cellulose degradation into simple sugars which could be utilized as feedstock for bioethanol production
Summary
Cellulose degrading bacteria have three classes of enzymes which act synergistically on the cellulosic matrix to degrade it to monomer sugars. These classes of enzymes are endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases. Lots of works in the past, since 1950s (Hungate, 1950), have been done to convert lignocellulosic biomass into bioethanol efficiently, but with little success (Gupta et al, 2012). No bacterial strain is reported with all three classes of cellulase enzymes needed for cellulose degradation. There is a need to explore novel bacterial strains for cellulose degradation into simple sugars which could be utilized as feedstock for bioethanol production
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