Abstract
Case-based learning offers exposure to clinical situations that health professions students may not encounter in their training. The purposes of this study were to apply the Diffusion of Innovations conceptual framework to 1) identify characteristics of case studies that would increase their adoption among dental and dental hygiene faculty members and 2) develop and pretest interactive web-based case studies on sensitive oral-systemic health issues. The formative study spanned two phases using mixed methods (Phase 1: eight focus groups and four interviews; Phase 2: ten interviews and satisfaction surveys). Triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data revealed the following positive attributes of the developed case studies: relative advantage of active learning and modeling; compatibility with a variety of courses; observability of case-related knowledge and skills; independent learning; and modifiability for use with other oral-systemic health issues. These positive attributes are expected to increase the likelihood that dental and dental hygiene faculty members will adopt the developed case study once it is available for use. The themes identified in this study could be applied to the development of future case studies and may provide broader insight that might prove useful for exploring differences in case study use across dental and dental hygiene curricula.
Highlights
Case-based learning offers exposure to clinical situations that health professions students may not encounter in their training
Eight ninety-minute focus groups representing six universities/colleges were conducted with a convenience sample of dental and dental hygiene faculty members at collaborating schools in the Eastern, Southeastern, Midwestern, and Pacific regions of the United States
The two primary purposes of this study were to 1) engage dental and dental hygiene faculty members in identifying key aspects of web-based case studies that would increase the likelihood of adoption in dental and dental hygiene curricula and 2) apply that information to the development of web-based case studies as part of a larger intervention study
Summary
Case-based learning offers exposure to clinical situations that health professions students may not encounter in their training. Triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data revealed the following positive attributes of the developed case studies: relative advantage of active learning and modeling; compatibility with a variety of courses; observability of case-related knowledge and skills; independent learning; and modifiability for use with other oral-systemic health issues. These positive attributes are expected to increase the likelihood that dental and dental hygiene faculty members will adopt the developed case study once it is available for use. The multiple-choice questions require students to generate differential diagnoses, communication strategies, and treatment plans specific to each case
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