Developing and Investigating the Analyzers of Kinematic Viscosity and Density of Petroleum Products on Throttle Bridge Transducers

Andriy Semenov,Paweł Komada,Olena Semenova,Volodymyr Drevetskyi,Andrii Rudyk

doi:10.3390/inventions7010006

Abstract

Measuring the viscosity and density of petroleum products is important for their proper production, transportation and application. Viscosity and density are the main parameters determining the composition and structure of petroleum products. Therefore, in the industry, to control the quality of petroleum products during various technological processes, automatic and non-automatic devices are used for their measurement. The accuracy of measuring the viscosity and density of petroleum products is an important factor. The authors analyzed different methods of measuring the viscosity and density of petroleum products and synthesized three versions of throttle bridge transducers. These versions implement differential measurement methods and have different numbers of laminar and turbulent throttles. The authors obtained new equations of static conversion functions by channels of measuring the kinematic viscosity and density of petroleum products of the proposed throttle bridge transducers. The authors developed a block diagram and designed measuring equipment to study experimentally the static characteristics of the throttle bridge transducers. The authors determined that the maximal relative deviations of the results of experimental studies from numerical calculations of a static conversion factor by channels of kinematic viscosity and density were 5.88% and 8.76%, respectively. The authors developed two versions of automatic devices for measuring the kinematic viscosity and density of petroleum products based on the proposed throttle bridge transducers. The first version is an automatic analyzer with tracking astatic balancing. The second version is an automatic analyzer with deployment balancing. The authors developed constructions of both versions of automatic analyzers and obtained the results of experimental measuring of the kinematic viscosity and density of petroleum products in different ranges.

Highlights

In the automatic analyzer with tracking astatic balancing in a range of kinematic viscosity measurement (5–25)·10−6 m2 /s laminar and turbulent throttles with the following geometrical sizes l L = 0.175 m; d L = 1.1 mm; d T = 0.75 mm were used in the throttle bridge transducers (TBTs) (Figure 13)
We established that the systematic component of error in the automatic analyzer with tracking astatic balancing by the channel of petroleum product density did not exceed 7.42 kg/m3, and the standard deviation of density measurement equaled s ρ ≤ 25.11 kg/m3, which was 1% and 3.3% of the measurement scale
The discrepancies were caused by the inaccuracies in determining geometric dimensions of the TBT throttles, the instability of the dosing pump flow rate and the influence of technological holes and TBT channels

Summary

Introduction

The need for reliable information about physical and chemical parameters of fluids, fuels and lubricants is one of the conditions for improving the efficiency of industrial production [1]. Issues of improving the reliability and efficiency of transport are directly related to the rational selection and application of fuels, oils, lubricants and special fluids in engines and mechanisms. Low-quality petroleum products may enter the market of fuels and lubricants. After their application, friction units and machines may fail prematurely. The solution is to create new methods and automatic devices for determining the quality of fuels and lubricants, suitable for use in refineries and in processes of transportation, storage and utilization of petroleum products [4,5,6]

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Discussion

Conclusion