Abstract
Stroke leads to serious long-term disability. Electrical epidural cortical stimulation has made significant improvements in stroke rehabilitation therapy. We developed a preliminary wireless implantable passive interface, which consists of a stimulating surface electrode, receiving coil, and single flexible passive demodulated circuit printed by flexible printed circuit (FPC) technique and output pulse voltage stimulus by inductively coupling an external circuit. The wireless implantable board was implanted in cats’ unilateral epidural space for electrical stimulation of the primary visual cortex (V1) while the evoked responses were recorded on the contralateral V1 using a needle electrode. The wireless implantable board output stable monophasic voltage stimuli. The amplitude of the monophasic voltage output could be adjusted by controlling the voltage of the transmitter circuit within a range of 5–20 V. In acute experiment, cortico-cortical evoked potential (CCEP) response was recorded on the contralateral V1. The amplitude of N2 in CCEP was modulated by adjusting the stimulation intensity of the wireless interface. These results demonstrated that a wireless interface based on a microcoil array can offer a valuable tool for researchers to explore electrical stimulation in research and the dura mater-electrode interface can effectively transmit electrical stimulation.
Highlights
Stroke remains a leading cause of serious long-term disability [1]
This study indicates the feasibility of activating neurons by Epidural cortical stimulation (ECS) in the primary visual cortex using a passive wireless implantable pulse generators (IPGs) fabricated by flexible printed circuit (FPC), making these early results a promising indicator towards modulating neuronal excitation in neuro-rehabilitation of stroke patients with vision loss
The receiving coil of a four-layer FPC coil with diameter of 5 mm at 1.8432 MHz frequency had an inductance of 17.27 μH, a resistance
Summary
Stroke remains a leading cause of serious long-term disability [1]. Survivors routinely have incomplete cognitive recovery and chronic motor and visual impairments that hinder their rehabilitation [2,3,4]. While previous studies have used wired stimulation devices for ECS, this study examines an implantable neural interface that is fabricated wholly on one piece of soft FPC board with passive circuit. This technique may help overcome many clinical challenges associated with IPG implants through its portable-size, wireless power, and integrated scheme. This study indicates the feasibility of activating neurons by ECS in the primary visual cortex using a passive wireless IPG fabricated by FPC, making these early results a promising indicator towards modulating neuronal excitation in neuro-rehabilitation of stroke patients with vision loss
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