Abstract
Mutations or introgression can cause and rise adaptive alleles of which some can be beneficial. Archaic humans lived more than 200,000 years ago in Europe and Western Asia. They were adapted to the environment and pathogens that prevailed in these locations. It can therefore be thought that modern humans obtained significant immune advantage from the archaic alleles. First, data were collected by meta-analysis from previously identified genetic diseases caused by alleles that were introgressed from archaics. Second, the in silico model portal (http://www.archaics2phenotype.xxx.edu.tr) was designed to trace the history of the Neanderthal allele. The portal also shows the current distribution of the genotypes of the selected alleles within different populations and correlates with the individuals phenotype. Our developed model provides a better understanding for the origin of genetic diseases or traits that are associated with the Neanderthal genome. The developed medicine model will help individuals and their populations to receive the best treatment. It also clarifies why there are differences in disease phenotypes in modern humans.
Highlights
Archaic humans lived more than 200.000 years ago in Europe and Western Asia [1]
This study focused on the genomes that passed from Neanderthals to modern humans
Our developed in silico model provides better understanding of the origin of genetic diseases or traits associated with archaic genomes
Summary
Archaic humans lived more than 200.000 years ago in Europe and Western Asia [1]. They were well adapted to the surrounding environment and pathogens [2]. Archaic humans are the subspecies of Homo sapiens, and include Homo heidelbergensis, Homo rhodesiensis, Homo neanderthalensis, and Homo antecessor. There are anatomical differences between archaic and modern humans. Modern humans have evolved from archaic humans and Homo erectus. When modern humans migrated from Africa, they were faced with some difficulties such as different climate, environmental challenges, and pathogens in the new region [1]. In the regions where they migrated from Africa, they hybridized with Neanderthals and Denisovans. Some alleles passed from Neanderthals to modern humans
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