Abstract
Abstract. Today municipalities are searching for new tools to empower locals for changing the future of their own areas by increasing their participation in different levels of urban planning. These tools should involve the community in planning process using participatory approaches instead of long traditional top-down planning models and help municipalities to obtain proper insight about major problems of urban neighborhoods from the residents’ point of view. In this matter, public participation GIS (PPGIS) which enables citizens to record and following up their feeling and spatial knowledge regarding problems of the city in the form of maps have been introduced. In this research, a tool entitled CAER (Collecting & Analyzing of Environmental Reports) is developed. In the first step, a software framework based on Web-GIS tool, called EPGIS (Environmental Participatory GIS) has been designed to support public participation in reporting urban environmental problems and to facilitate data flow between citizens and municipality. A web-based cartography tool was employed for geo-visualization and dissemination of map-based reports. In the second step of CAER, a subsystem is developed based on SOLAP (Spatial On-Line Analytical Processing), as a data mining tools to elicit the local knowledge facilitating bottom-up urban planning practices and to help urban managers to find hidden relations among the recorded reports. This system is implemented in a case study area in Boston, Massachusetts and its usability was evaluated. The CAER should be considered as bottom-up planning tools to collect people’s problems and views about their neighborhood and transmits them to the city officials. It also helps urban planners to find solutions for better management from citizen’s viewpoint and gives them this chance to develop good plans to the neighborhoods that should be satisfied the citizens.
Highlights
AND BACKGROUNDThese days, most of the municipalities search for ways to increase public participation unlike the past decades in which the urban planners have considered the public goals and rules down but they have developed their own decision without taking any advice from the resident side (Pissourios, 2014; Taleai et al, 2014)
These days, most of the municipalities search for ways to increase public participation unlike the past decades in which the urban planners have considered the public goals and rules down but they have developed their own decision without taking any advice from the resident side (Pissourios, 2014; Taleai et al, 2014)
The term of public participation emerges here and the basic idea to use it is that people could control all decisions which effect on their lives
Summary
These days, most of the municipalities search for ways to increase public participation unlike the past decades in which the urban planners have considered the public goals and rules down but they have developed their own decision without taking any advice from the resident side (Pissourios, 2014; Taleai et al, 2014). Today there are different participation tools which make the citizen enable to join in planning and express their comments or problems 24 hours a day and 7 days a week and this capability can be considered as a requirement for new urban life One of these services is Environmental On-Call Service (EOC) which enables citizens to report their un-emergency environmental problems via telephone, text-phone, text-messaging, email, online forums, Websites or mobile apps (Kingstone, 2007). By reviewing existing systems and considering the needs of the environmental services, a web-GIS tool has been designed which empower the local people to have a flowing connection with municipalities via presenting information about recorded reports and facilitating expressing comments. Mixed spatial dimensions use a mixture of both non-geometric and geometric spatial dimensions
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