DEVELOPING A TECHNOLOGY OF LOCAL WINES WITH THE ENHANCED AROMATIC PROFILE

Abstract

Different methods of enhancing the aromatic profile of wines are researched throughout the world. One of them consists in adding unsaturated fatty acids to must as the yeast feeding. This work considers how the aromatic profile of dry white table wine made from the local grape variety Aromatny is influenced by the feeding that contains olive oil (a source of oleic acid) and the enzyme lipase and is added to must in combination with rehydrated active dry yeast Anchor Alchemy I (the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae). This method has been compared with the two other ones: with the classic method of obtaining dry white table wines by must fermentation (control) and with the sur lie method (when the dry white table wine material is aged on the lees for three months following the end of the must fermentation process). In the wines under study, 19 volatile compounds have been identified and quantified. These compounds, which are the most noticeable and active agents in aroma formation, include higher alcohols, organic acids, complex esters, aldehydes, terpene alcohols. The sample where the feeding was added is substantially higher in aroma-forming compounds than the other samples are. Also, this sample has the highest odour activity value (OAV). Sensory analysis of the wines considered has shown that the feeding containing olive oil and lipase has a positive effect on the aromatic profile of wine: in the aroma, there are distinct floral and fruity notes, more intense than those in the control sample an in the one obtained by ageing the wine material sur lie. This is possible due to a higher concentration of complex esters and a moderate content of higher alcohols. Adding the feeding results in no unpleasant tones in the wine’s odour, which are often caused by fatty acids, as their content is low. The advantages of the method suggested to enhance the aromatic profile of wines are its simple production technology and availability of the natural ingredients of the feeding. This research is supposed to help wine manufacturers satisfy consumers’ demand for local wines with their site-specific character, because one of the main motivations for tourists to visit the world’s wine-producing regions is an opportunity to taste unique wines with a pronounced and attractive floral-fruity aroma