Developing a strength training program for older adults: planning, programming, and potential outcomes.

Abstract

Muscle strength is important to older adults in maintaining an independent lifestyle and completing activities of daily living. In this article, the authors discuss changes in muscular functioning that commonly accompany the disuse associated with aging, as well as the impact that strength training can have on the older adult's muscle functioning. The article presents the essential components of developing a strength training program: pretesting, setting individualized goals, designing a strength training program, and establishing methods to evaluate the participants' progress. It also lists the benefits of strengthening particular muscle groups. Strength training programs for older adults should be developed on the basis of individualized expectations and goals, with the ultimate goal of facilitating the older individual's lifestyle and independence. Older adults who have participated in a strength training program have reported the following benefits of participation: improved body image, greater flexibility, increased strength, and increased self-confidence.