Abstract
This study was conducted because a real method for measuring safety climate had never been developed and assessed in Serbian industry. The aim of this paper was to start the process of developing a safety climate questionnaire that could be used in Serbia. As a starting point a 21-item questionnaire was adopted after an extensive literature review. The questionnaire was distributed at several Serbian factories; 1098 workers responded. After a statistical analysis of the data obtained with the questionnaire and a critical comparison with the available reference results, a final questionnaire with 21 questions, divided into 7 groups, was developed. The 7 groups of questions (factors) were safety awareness and competence, safety communication, organizational environment, management support, risk judgment and management reaction, safety precautions and accident prevention, and safety training.
Highlights
After a thorough analysis of the literature on workplace safety climate [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], it can be concluded that since 1980 when Zohar proposed the first comprehensive safety climate model [7], there has neither been a consensus on how many factors were required to measure safety climate nor which factors were the most effective
Safety climate often has a different meaning depending on the cultural background, and it is differently related to safety culture
The study presented evidence that the perception of safety climate in Serbian industrial settings can be reliably measured with a 21-item questionnaire, involving seven factors
Summary
After a thorough analysis of the literature on workplace safety climate [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], it can be concluded that since 1980 when Zohar proposed the first comprehensive safety climate model [7], there has neither been a consensus on how many factors were required to measure safety climate nor which factors were the most effective. There have been numerous discussions on the relationship (and differences) between safety climate and safety culture [8, 12]. Mearns and Flin [3] and Lin et al [8] condense the relationship between safety culture and climate. According to those authors, safety climate often has a different meaning depending on the cultural background, and it is differently related to safety culture. Many definitions of safety climate and safety culture differ in a number of important ways. One definition of safety climate, which is the most adequate for this paper, is “Safety climate is viewed as an individual
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