Abstract
A new era has begun in which pathogens have become useful scaffolds for nanotechnology applications. In this research/study, an attempt has been made to generate an empty cargo-like architecture from a plant pathogenic virus named Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV). In this approach, SLCCNV coat protein monomers are obtained efficiently by using a yeast Pichia pastoris expression system. Further, dialysis of purified SLCCNV-CP monomers against various pH modified (5-10) disassembly and assembly buffers produced a self-assembled "Nanocargo"-like architecture, which also exhibited an ability to encapsulate magnetic nanoparticles in vitro. Bioinformatics tools were also utilized to predict the possible self-assembly kinetics and bioconjugation sites of coat protein monomers. Significantly, an in vitro biocompatibility study using SLCCNV-Nanocargo particles showed low toxicity to the cells, which eventually proved as a potential nanobiomaterial for biomedical applications.
Highlights
There has always been a high demand for biological entities which have the ability to act as a multifaceted scaffold or template
We chose a well-known plant pathogenic virus of the Begomovirus isolates of Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV) for this study, whose molecular pathogenicity we had already established in our laboratory studies
The expression of the entire Begomovirus unmodified coat protein subunits was first achieved in the eukaryotic yeast Pichia pastoris system
Summary
There has always been a high demand for biological entities which have the ability to act as a multifaceted scaffold or template. They can be produced in sufficient quantities with recombinant technologies Their properties are programmable through changes at the genome level to produce novel functionalities[14].The VLPs that are currently being developed for biomedical applications share the common property of being self-assembling – they form a closed capsid-like structure with an altered symmetryfrom a limited number of protein subunits, which are referred to by various terms with the prefix of "nano"-cage, -carrier, -cargo, and -container[8]. The true reason for our choice of this virus is no study yet to done to reveal the structural and assembly properties of Begomoviruses, which are crucial for coat-host protein interaction mediated pathogenicity studies
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