Abstract
ABSTRACTHydraulic designing of rockfill detention dam is based on the treatment of nondarcian and non-linear turbulence flow in coarse porous media. Previous literature focused only on the regular outlet ponds, and there is a shortcoming in the design methodology for detention rockfill dams. So, this paper develops a simple novel design framework by combining the governing equation of non-linear and non-darcian flow through rockfill dams with the hydrologic flood routing in reservoirs and hydraulic rules of storage dams. An innovative mathematical framework developed for preliminary designing of detention rockfill dams. The effects of type and size of rock fill materials, the shape of reservoir, shape, and intensity of inflow hydrograph on the peak of outflow, the volume of a stored flood, coefficients of flood peak and storage are investigated by parametric study in 36000 simulations. A simple design equation for preliminary designing of detention rockfill dams is provided and its applications in two design examples are presented. Its results indicate that the developed design equation (with R2 = 0.996, MAE = 0.008, and RMSE = 0.0041) is superior to the previous equations and can be used in preliminary designing of detention rockfill dams for flood peak reduction.
Highlights
Flood events are common natural hazards over the world in Iran, due to uneven spatial and temporal patterns of rainfall, climate change, loss of water and soil resources, poor watershed management operations
To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of mathematical model results the basic idea of reservoir routing is used: the peak outflow occurs when the outflow hydrograph intersects the inflow hydrograph and The peak outflow must lie on the recession limb of the inflow hydrograph, this is verified in the model developments as shown in Figure 3 the theoretical and physical validity of model results are approved
This study, by usingthe hydrologic flood routing equations in combination with governing equations of flow in coarse porous media of rockfill dams, the hydraulic performance of detention rockfill dams in reducing peak discharge of outlet flood is investigated
Summary
Flood events are common natural hazards over the world in Iran, due to uneven spatial and temporal patterns of rainfall, climate change, loss of water and soil resources, poor watershed management operations. The structural methods use physical activities to control or reduce flood peaks and the non-structural methods used flood forecasting, early warning systems, flood management to reduce the flood damages (Chuntian & Chau, 2002; Li, Chau, Cheng, & Li, 2006; Mosavi, Ozturk, & Chau, 2018; Wang, Chau, Xu, Qiu, & Liu, 2017; Wu & Chau, 2006; Yaseen, Sulaiman, Deo, & Chau, 2019). Using detention rockfill dams is one of the best methods as it increases the time of flood routing while reducing the temporary peak of flood discharge due to the use of natural porous materials, simple and fast design construction (Samani, Moknatian, & Heidari, 2013). Rockfill dams are constructed from pebbles and rock fills (Samani, Samani, & Shaiannejad, 2003) and because of their porous media, the risk of liquefaction and slope failure is smaller than the risk of dam breach in earthfill dams or erodible embankments
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