Developing a low-carbon hybrid of ammonia fuel cell and internal combustion engine for carbon neutrality

Abstract

With global warming and an increase in extreme weather, reducing carbon emissions in response to climate change has become a global consensus. Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, hybrid vehicles have the benefits of energy savings, low grid-load, and low emissions. The hybrid vehicles use the internal combustion engine and lithium-ion batteries as the hybrid power source to achieve the best match between the engine and the motor. However, the current commercial hybrid vehicle still has such defects as high dependence on fossil fuels, high carbon emissions, poor safety, etc. As such, it is necessary to explore and develop the next generation low-carbon hybrid vehicles. Herein, we propose a new-type hybrid of ammonia fuel cell and internal combustion engine with high-energy conversion efficiency and low-carbon emissions. Considering the advantages of low-carbon emissions, high mileage, fast refueling, low-cost, high-energy conversion efficiency, and high safety, a green low-carbon concept of the ammonia fuel cell-internal combustion engine hybrid vehicle (AFC-ICE HV) is proposed. This will help improve the scale and efficiency of China's green energy conversion, establish a green, low-carbon and sustainable economic system, provide new impetus for tackling climate change and environmental protection recovery, and help China and the world to achieve the Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality goal.