Developing a GIS-based multicriteria evaluation system for selecting suitable sites for solar energy power plants in Anambra state Nigeria

Abstract

The increasing demand for clean energy in society raises concerns about alternative energy sources, making it difficult to rely solely on one or two sources of electricity generation. This study aims to develop a GIS-based multicriteria evaluation system for identifying suitable solar energy power plants in Anambra State, Nigeria. Key criteria include solar irradiation, land use, proximity to transmission lines, accessibility, slope, and environmental constraints. GIS tools and satellite imagery data are used to analyze and visualize these criteria, enabling an efficient decision-making process. The methodology includes data collection, selecting and determining criteria for suitable site selection, constructing a hierarchical structure of site selection procedure, data acquisition, classification of acceptable criteria and factors into rank of suitability, determining the relative importance of each criterion using AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) based on pair-wise comparisons, assessing the consistency of judgments through a pair-wise comparisons method, and producing the final evaluation map. The results provide valuable insights into identifying suitable sites for solar power plants in Anambra State and are advised for use in other parts of the country. The GIS-based multicriteria evaluation system facilitates location decisions and increases efficiency in dealing with solar energy power plant siting. The study workflow model is suggested for smooth and quick appropriateness analysis and easy export as a python script.