Abstract
According to the 2010 census, the 156 million women in the United States make up just over half (50.8%) of the nation's population.1 However, there still exists a disparity in health care between the sexes. Sex and gender differences exist across all facets of health and disease. In 1985, a Public Health Service task force concluded that exclusion of women from clinical research was detrimental to women's health.2 Because of this, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) adopted guidelines urging the inclusion of women in NIH-sponsored clinical research and the analysis of outcomes by gender.
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