Abstract
NW14A is a newly constructed undulator beamline for 100 ps time-resolved X-ray experiments at the Photon Factory Advanced Ring. This beamline was designed to conduct a wide variety of time-resolved X-ray measurements, such as time-resolved diffraction, scattering and X-ray absorption fine structure. Its versatility is allowed by various instruments, including two undulators, three diffractometers, two pulse laser systems and an X-ray chopper. The potential for the detection of structural changes on the 100 ps time scale at NW14A is demonstrated by two examples of photo-induced structural changes in an organic crystal and photodissociation in solution.
Highlights
Time-resolved X-ray measurement is a powerful tool for the investigation of ultrafast science in various research fields ranging from local photochemical or photobiological processes, such as photodissociation (Schotte et al, 2003; Chen et al, 2001), to photo-induced phase transitions in crystals, including photo-induced insulator–metal transitions (Cavalleri et al, 2004) and photo-induced ferroelectricity (Collet et al, 2003)
The instrumentation developed at NW14A is described in this paper with two examples from time-resolved diffraction and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) experiments
The laser pulse, which is synchronized with the pulse X-ray, is generated to pump the regenerative amplifier by the Q-switched Nd : YLF laser triggered at 945 Hz (85 MHz/89600)
Summary
Time-resolved X-ray measurement is a powerful tool for the investigation of ultrafast science in various research fields ranging from local photochemical or photobiological processes, such as photodissociation (Schotte et al, 2003; Chen et al, 2001), to photo-induced phase transitions in crystals, including photo-induced insulator–metal transitions (Cavalleri et al, 2004) and photo-induced ferroelectricity (Collet et al, 2003). Time-resolved X-ray experiments that have been developed with the rapid progress of synchrotron sources have made it possible to study photo-induced ultrafast transformations by synchronizing X-ray pulses with ultrashort laser pulses (Bourgeois et al, 1996; Wulff et al, 1997; Siders et al, 1999; Schoenlein et al, 2000; Cavalieri et al, 2005; Lindenberg et al, 2005). This pump–probe synchronization can be combined with established X-ray techniques, such as diffraction, scattering and absorption experiments. The instrumentation developed at NW14A is described in this paper with two examples from time-resolved diffraction and XAFS experiments
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