Detrended fluctuation analysis of the magnetic and electric field variations that precede rupture

Abstract

Magnetic field variations are detected before rupture in the form of “spikes” of alternating sign. The distinction of these spikes from random noise is of major practical importance since it is easier to conduct magnetic field measurements than electric field ones. Applying detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), these spikes look to be random at short time lags. On the other hand, long-range correlations prevail at time lags larger than the average time interval between consecutive spikes with a scaling exponent α around 0.9. In addition, DFA is applied to recent preseismic electric field variations in long duration (several hours to a couple of days) and reveals a scale invariant feature with an exponent α≈1 over all scales available (around five orders of magnitude).