Abstract
Quantum repeaters are nodes in a quantum communication network that allow reliable transmission of entanglement over large distances. It was recently shown that highly entangled photons in so-called graph states can be used for all-photonic quantum repeaters, which require substantially fewer resources compared to atomic-memory based repeaters. However, standard approaches to building multi-photon entangled states through pairwise probabilistic entanglement generation severely limit the size of the state that can be created. Here, we present a protocol for the deterministic generation of large photonic repeater states using quantum emitters such as semiconductor quantum dots and defect centers in solids. We show that arbitrarily large repeater states can be generated using only two coupled emitters, reducing the necessary number of photon sources by six orders of magnitude. Our protocol includes a built-in redundancy which makes it resilient to photon loss.
Highlights
Quantum entanglement is the cornerstone of novel quantum technologies, quantum computing and communication
The standard paradigm for a quantum repeater is based on atomic quantum memories located at primary nodes, each entangled with a single photon [7], which in turn is sent to a secondary, intermediate node [8]
Azuma et al [16] put forward an explicit construction of an all-photonic repeater graph state (RGS) consisting of a completely connected graph of core photons, with each of them featuring a connection to an additional arm photon, to be used for entanglement swapping in the secondary nodes
Summary
Quantum entanglement is the cornerstone of novel quantum technologies, quantum computing and communication. Azuma et al [16] put forward an explicit construction of an all-photonic repeater graph state (RGS) consisting of a completely connected graph of core photons, with each of them featuring a connection to an additional arm photon, to be used for entanglement swapping in the secondary nodes This work has attracted a great deal of attention [17,18,19,20,21] due to its advantages over atomic-memory-based repeaters, notably the all-photonic construction that avoids coherence time limitations, the resilience against photon loss, and the elimination of longdistance heralding [16] These attractive features position quantum repeaters, and long-distance quantum communication, as near term, much more readily feasible technology compared to quantum computing [19,22].
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