Abstract
Photonic crystal nanobeam cavities are versatile platforms of interest for optical communications, optomechanics, optofluidics, cavity QED, etc. In a previous work [Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 203102 (2010)], we proposed a deterministic method to achieve ultrahigh Q cavities. This follow-up work provides systematic analysis and verifications of the deterministic design recipe and further extends the discussion to air-mode cavities. We demonstrate designs of dielectric-mode and air-mode cavities with Q > 10⁹, as well as dielectric-mode nanobeam cavities with both ultrahigh-Q (> 10⁷) and ultrahigh on-resonance transmissions (T > 95%).
Highlights
High quality factor (Q), small mode volume (V)[2] optical cavities provide powerful means for modifying the interactions between light and matter[3], and have many exciting applications including quantum information processing[4], nonlinear optics[5], optomechanics[6], optical trapping[7] and optofluidics[8]
Small mode volumes of Photonic crystal cavities (PhC) cavities can be achieved by design, ultrahigh Q factors are typically obtained using extensive parameter search and optimization
The ultra-high Q air-mode nanobeam cavity is realized by pulling the air-band mode of photonic crystal into its bandgap, which can be designed using the same design principles that we developed for dielectric-mode cavities
Summary
High quality factor (Q), small mode volume (V)[2] optical cavities provide powerful means for modifying the interactions between light and matter[3], and have many exciting applications including quantum information processing[4], nonlinear optics[5], optomechanics[6], optical. In a previous work[1], we proposed a deterministic method to design an ultrahigh Q PhC nanobeam cavity and verified our designs experimentally. The key design rules we proposed that result in ultrahigh Q cavities are (i) zero cavity length (L = 0), (ii) constant length of each mirror (’period’=a) and (iii) a Gaussian-type of field attenuation profile, provided by linear increase in the mirror strength. In this follow-up work, we provided numerical proof of the proposed principles, and systematically optimized the design recipe to realize a radiation limited cavity and waveguide coupled cavity respectively. It is important to emphasize that while our method is based on the framework of Fourier space analysis[33, 34, 35], alternative approach, based on phase-matching between different mirror segments, could be used to guide our design, as well as to explain the origin of deterministic ultra-high Q-factors in our devices[36, 37]
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