Abstract
In this paper, we study selected aspects of determinism in the control part of a cyber-physical system (CPS) that is specified by a Petri net-based model. In particular, the control interpreted Petri nets (CIPNs) are applied, which are an extension of the ordinary Petri nets, supplemented by signals (related to sensors and actuators) that permit communication with the environment. The notions of weak and strong determinism in a system described by a CIPN are introduced in the paper. The proposed concepts are supported by formal definitions and theorems. Moreover, a novel modelling methodology for a deterministic system specified by a CIPN is proposed. The presented solutions are illustrated by a case study example of a real-life cyber-physical system. Finally, the results of experimental verification of the proposed determinism-based techniques are demonstrated and discussed.
Highlights
A cyber-physical system (CPS) is an integration of computation with physical processes.Its behaviour is specified by the deeply intertwined software and physical components of the system [1].The design methodology of such systems includes the joint dynamics of computers, software, networks, and physical processes
Module control interpreted Petri nets (CIPNs): a module CIPN (MCIPN) is a control interpreted Petri net MCIPN = (P, T, F, pin, pout, X, Y) such that P, T, F, X, Y have the same meaning as in Definition 9; transition firing occurs according to Definition 10; ∃pin ∈ P : pin = ∅; ∃pout ∈ P : pout
A modelling methodology of a state of the module, where four places are simultaneously marked: p4, p5, p6, and p7. It refers to the deterministic system specified by a CIPN has been proposed
Summary
A cyber-physical system (CPS) is an integration of computation with physical processes. Petri nets for cyber-physical system specification, combined with dataflows, are proposed in [24], offering support for the design of mixed systems with linear control and signal processing operations, as well as with event driven elements. The presented idea involves interpreted Petri nets, which take into account the input (e.g., sensors) and output (e.g., actuators) signals of the system Such signals allow for bidirectional communication with the physical world. This paper pays special attention to the deterministic aspects of the CPS specified by an interpreted Petri net. Does not hold anymore [1] This means that for the modelling of concurrent control processes a slightly different definition of determinism in the interpreted Petri nets is needed.
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