Determining vehicles’ radio transmission range for increasing cognitive radio VANET (CR-VANET) reliability using a trust management system

Abstract

As a part of an intelligent transportation system, a Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) requires reliability by way of an essential need. Timely and accurately delivering safety messages in VANET is one of the reliability issues affected by different factors such as the lack of frequency spectrum as well as nodes’ inabilities or misbehaviors. To overcome spectrum shortage, Cognitive Radio (CR) has been proposed while employing a trust mechanism can lessen any damage caused to reliability by incapable or misbehaver nodes. An effective trust management system can analyze ‘agree’ and ‘disagree’ messages and decide about an event to increase reliability. However, message transmission based on trust assessment imposes an extra decision delay causing a reliability cutback, especially in delay-sensitive safety messages. In this research, an effective trust management system for CR-VANET is proposed and analyzed based on a Birth and Death Process (BDP) model to evaluate the average delay imposed by the decision-making process. The probability of event occurrence is also derived in terms of arrival message rate. Moreover, the minimum and maximum permissible range of radio transmission to reach an acceptable degree of reliability, based on the above analysis, is determined. Our statistical analysis in base of 2k factorial methodology shows that determining the radio transmission range has a major impact on decision-making delay. Using the proposed radio transmission range, simulation results also show that reliability can be improved as well as increasing the accuracy of event detection and reducing decision-making and safety message delivery delays.