Abstract
Introduction: During the last decade, the health sector of many countries in general has been faced significantly with the increase of health care costs and in particular with the growth in hospital costs, that a significant part of it is due to the inefficient use of resources. The present study has been calculated the technical efficiency of the Specialty Ophthalmology Hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences by the comprehensive data analysis methods and stochastic frontier analysis. Methods: In this article, the technical efficiency of the Specialty Ophthalmology Hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences has been calculated by the years of 2009 to 2011, by the comprehensive data analysis methods and stochastic frontier analysis. For this purpose, the form of input-oriented data envelopment analysis approach was used by assuming the variable Productivity to scale and stochastic frontier analysis method and from the five output, the occupied bed days, outpatient admissions, inpatient admissions, inpatient days and bed occupancy factor, and from the six output, it means active beds, number of doctors, nurses, and other personnel, budget and equipment costs were used for the study. For data analyzing, Deap software, edit 1/2 and Frontier edit 1/4, was used. Result: The results of a comprehensive data analysis method showed: 1) The capacity of improving technical efficiency in the studied sector is 34% (average technical efficiency is 0.663 parts); and 2) some of the sectors are met the excess inputs (factors of production). Technical efficiency using stochastic frontier analysis was equal to 0.937. In fact, the stochastic frontier analysis showed the inefficiency is less than the actual value. Conclusion: Reducing excess capacity factors (factors of production) should be conducted in the form of a comprehensive plan and by considering all regarded aspects, that this reduction plays a major role in the hospital and health sector costs reduction.
Highlights
During the last decade, the health sector of many countries in general has been faced significantly with the increase of health care costs and in particular with the growth in hospital costs, that a significant part of it is due to the inefficient use of resources
The average technical efficiency of the studied units using data envelopment analysis by assuming variable returns to scale is 0.663, in other words, based on the results of the model, the capacity to enhance the efficiency of studied units, without any increase in the cost and by using the same amount of inputs, is about 34 percent
In a study that was done by Ganon to assess the technical efficiency in Ireland hospitals, the average technical efficiency is obtained 0.952 from 1995 to 2000, which this rate is higher than the average level of technical efficiency obtained in this study [14]
Summary
The health sector of many countries in general has been faced significantly with the increase of health care costs and in particular with the growth in hospital costs, that a significant part of it is due to the inefficient use of resources. The lack of efficiency and effectiveness of such a major part in the development of social welfare services, reduces the quality of life, and precludes recovery in other sectors, increasing social injustice and inequality, rising health care costs and at last make political problems [7] Providing it will be followed by ensuring the health, and full productivity of health institutions with the appropriate fee [8]. Iranian hospitals use a large part of GDP and consume health care budgets [9] and by emerging the need to ensure the best use of scarce resources and the improve of efficiency of health care delivery, some action to prevent or reduce the resources devoted to this sector of the health care system, will be important One of these measures is performing the comparisons between Outputs and data in order to estimate the efficiency and productivity of hospitals [10]. This article has been tried to calculate the performance of the different units of specialty Ophthalmology Hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, using the DEA and SFA software, and compare their performance with each other, and identify efficient and inefficient units
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