Determining the role of lineaments in underground hydrodynamics using Landsat 7 ETM+ data, case of the Chott El Gharbi Basin (western Algeria)

Mebarka Takorabt,Hamid Haddoum,Ahmed Cherif Toubal,Siham Zerrouk

doi:10.1007/s12517-018-3412-y

Mebarka Takorabt, Hamid Haddoum + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3412-y

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Abstract

This paper attempts an overview of the application of remote sensing to groundwater studies. Its objective is to define the role of the geological features in the underground hydrodynamic in the aquifer system of the Chott El Gharbi Basin (Algerian western high plains) and identify a link between the fracturing and the meteoric water supply of this deep aquifer. The methodology followed consists to study the fracturing map of studied area which is obtained after Landsat 7 ETM+ processing images. It is based on structural lineaments mapping. The obtained map has been validated by geophysical results and geological map. Statistical analysis of the lineaments network shows the presence of about 537 lineaments divided into four families oriented according to the following directions NE-SW, NW-SE, N-S, and E-W. The lineament analysis of the studied basin provides important information on subsurface fractures that may control the circulation and storage of groundwater. These fractures have an undeniable hydrogeological interest because of their size, a priori favorable for the aquifers recharge in the region. The probable link between the Chott El Gharbi implementation and the presence of mega fractures which some of them correspond actually to Wadis is confirmed. The correlation between the productivity of high debit drillings and the closest lineament confirms that these lineaments are surface traces of regional discontinuities and act as main groundwater flow paths.

Highlights

The exploitation of the groundwater in the dry areas in Algeria involves one of the main sources of the drinkable water supply
This study demonstrates the use of LANDSAT 7 ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) imagery data for mapping and analyses of lineaments in study area
The principal component 1 (PC1) image (Fig. 5b) shows 81% of the variance. This component contains the maximum of information

Summary

Introduction

The exploitation of the groundwater in the dry areas in Algeria involves one of the main sources of the drinkable water supply. In order to reply to the durable needs of the populations, the good knowledge of this vital resource is a need to ensure its good management. The study area is situated in the extreme west of the high Oranian western plains in Algeria, more exactly the Chott El Gharbi Basin. This area is the seat of vast aquifers system multilayers bordered by two major structures (Tlemcen Mountains in the North and Djebel Ksour in the South). In spite of the major importance of the groundwater resources in. Its objective is to illustrate the application of these techniques for the structural and hydrogeological characterization

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