Abstract
. Rapid population growth has increased the mobility of people, which leads to traffic congestion. Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a planning approach that is being adopted in many cities as it favours to reduce private vehicle usage by developing mass transit stations around high-density mixed land use and walkable (and cycle-able) environments. However, TOD development needs good strategies learned from historical and current conditions. In this research, we measured the current conditions of proposed TOD areas in thirteen MRT stations in Jakarta to determine the potential TOD development. These thirteen stations were divided into three types based on environmental characteristics of the station location such as CBD, urban, and neighbourhood characteristics. The 5D of built environment variables were used as indicators to examine the potential of TOD areas. Then, stakeholders were involved to fit and weigh the indicators. The weights of the indicators were applied to the Geographic Information System (GIS) platform for quantifying all spatial indicators. TOD indexes for each station were examined to identify potential improvement strategies. Each station is classified as having a high, medium or low TOD index. The results showed that three out of thirteen stations have high levels of TOD; six are classified as having a low TOD level. The low index proposed TOD stations should improve their built-up area, for example by intensifying the floor area ratio (FAR), adding green space, and enhancing the transit and pedestrian-oriented design. By understanding the specific strategies for different TOD indexes, this paper is intended to support those development areas to improve local urban development towards higher levels of TOD.
Highlights
Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia and the centre of governmental, economic, and political activities in Indonesia experiences mobility problems, among which congestion is prominent
This study was conducted to determine the potential for Transit-oriented development (TOD) development along the new corridor of MRT Jakarta
To measure the potential for TOD at each station, the concept of the 5D characteristics of the built environment was adopted [2][4]. This concept provides a comprehensive way to incorporate important aspects of TOD to measure the existing TOD level. This was done by developing a TOD index, which was calculated using Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis with stakeholders’ involvement to determine the importance of the criteria, which was used to calculate weighted scores for the index
Summary
Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia and the centre of governmental, economic, and political activities in Indonesia experiences mobility problems, among which congestion is prominent. Congestion in Jakarta is predicted to get worse as 1,000 to 2,000 new motorcycles and 500 new cars appear on the roads every day [1]. If there is no improvement in transportation planning and/or infrastructure development, vehicular gridlock will truly happen in Jakarta. Jakarta aims to reduce the road capacity problem by promoting mass public transport such as BRT, MRT and LRT, and encouraging transitoriented development (TOD) around public transport stations. The construction of a new MRT in Jakarta is an opportunity to plan for TOD and to gain maximum benefit of urban development from TOD planning. The planning of TOD should be examined carefully since it will not automatically follow when mass public transportation is built
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More From: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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