Determining the Physico-Chemical Characterstics of the Rosehip Genotypes Grown Naturally in Adiyaman Province

Abstract

Turkey is an important gene centre of rosehip populations and rosehip is naturally grown in the province of Adiyaman. This study has been conducted on rosehip fruits found in various altitudes in Adiyaman to determine the changes of their physico-chemical characteristics. The fruit weights of the genotypes used in the study ranged between 2.72 g–1.29 g, fruit width between 14.12–10.44 g and fruit length has ranged between 23.18 mm–18.62 mm. The rosehip genotypes to be processed to food are required to have a bulky fruit and a high amount of fruit flesh. The genotype with the highest fruit flesh ratio was found to have the lowest seed weight by 0.25 g, while the genotypes with the highest seed weight had this value ranging between 0.50–0.59 g. Rosehip genotypes dry matter ratio has ranged between 44.27 and 37.11%. While the a*, b*, C* and h° values of rosehip fruits had significant differences based on the genotypes, L* values had similarities. Genotypes had ranging WSDM contents of 33.56–22.50%, TA contents of 2.96–1.57%, pH values of 4.06–3.82, C vitamins of 782.34–352.16 mg/100 g, total phenol contents of 5.42–3.62 mg GAE/g DM and antioxidant activities of 113.60–56.80 µmol TE/g DM. The rosehip fruits containing high levels of fructose and glucose were found to be low in saccharose content. Fructose, glucose and saccharose contents of rosehip genotype fruits were found to be 22.93–16.86, 20.22–13.77 and 0–0.90 g/100 g DM, respectively. According to the outcomes of the study, physico-chemical characteristics of the rosehip fruits displayed significant differences, and these differences were affected by type, genotype and ecologic conditions.