Abstract
The results of experimental research into the influence of the concentration of carbon black in industrial oil I-30А and on wear resistance of the tribological system steel-oil-bronze are presented. It is assumed that carbon black, obtained by the electric arc method under laboratory conditions, consists of conglomerates and micro-and nanoparticles of carbon, which are found in a wide range from nanometers to tenths of millimeters.The procedure, materials, and equipment for experimental studies of wear resistance of the parts of the tribosystem steel-bronze on the friction machine SMC-2 was shown. The research procedure methodology involved the variation by two independent factors: concentration of carbon black in industrial oil I-30А and external loading. Sliding velocity, contour area of the contact and initial temperature of the tribosystem remained constant factors.The obtained experimental data made it possible to establish two main patterns that characterize the process of friction and wear in the studied tribological system. The first pattern reveals the influence of the concentration of carbon black in industrial oil I-30А and external load on friction torque in the couple steel‒bronze. The second pattern reveals the influence of the same factors on wear resistance of the parts that were tested on the friction machine. The obtained patterns correlate among themselves and determine the scope of rational concentration of conglomerates of micro- and nanoparticles of carbon in industrial oil I-30A, which was applied as a lubricant in the tested tribological system.At the final stage of the research, the surfaces of the parts of friction were studied at the atomic-force microscope Solver P47-Pro made by manufacturing company NT-MDT. These studies made it possible to reveal the mechanism of modification of the surface layer of steel and bronze by carbon nanoparticles in their interaction in the tribological system at friction.
Highlights
The experience of operation of transport-technological and energy machines (TTEM) showed that their resource is limited to the intensity of wear of parts that operate at boundary lubrication
According to the conducted experimental research on the friction machine CMC-2, it was found that the content of carbon black in industrial oil I-30A contributes to a decrease in the wear of the friction pair “pad-roller”
At an increase in the concentration of carbon black from 0 to 0.13 %, the intensity of wear of the bronze pads decreases by 48.5–65.2 % and that of the steel roller by 52–84 % at the external loading of 800–1,200 N
Summary
The experience of operation of transport-technological and energy machines (TTEM) showed that their resource is limited to the intensity of wear of parts that operate at boundary lubrication. The analysis that was conducted in papers [1, 2] shows that 70 percent of all failures of rail transport vehicles occur due to the elements of hydraulic drives This is due to the current state of hydraulic oil [2], as well as its lubricating ability. The substances that in small concentrations change the structure of the surface layer of metal meet the specified conditions, that is they are the concentrators and transporters of molecules of surfactants to friction surface and penetrate a softer surface, strengthening its surface layers Such substances include: micro- and nanoparticles, which are the components of carbon black. That is why the search for the regularities of the influence of concentration of conglomerates of particles of graphite evaporation in hydraulic oil on the processes of friction and wear in TTEM is the relevant direction
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