Determining the incidence and risk factors of medical device-related pressure injury in intensive care patients

Abstract

AimThis study aims to determine the incidence and risk factors of Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury (MDRPI) in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. Material and methodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study involved 300 patients who did not have an MDRPI at the time of admission to the ICU of a university hospital in Turkey. The data was collected using the Patient Information Form, the Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury Follow-Up Chart, and the Jackson/Cubbin Risk Assessment Scale. ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 71.88 ± 14.82 years old. Precisely 31% of patients were found to be at risk for pressure injuries, and MDRPI occurred in 18% of them. It was found that patients most commonly experienced stage 1 MDRPI in the hand-finger region due to pulse oximetry. It was also determined that nasal cannulas caused MDRPI the fastest. Patients with MDRPI had low Jackson/Cubbin scores, low albumin and hematocrit levels, and longer hospitalization durations (p < .05). Dependence on -respiratory support device, bedridden, and experiencing non-device-related pressure injuries were associated with MDRPI (p < .05). ConclusionIt was found that factors causing non-device-related pressure injuries may also pose an MDRPI risk for patients in intensive care. It was also observed that devices used in ICU could cause pressure injuries even in very short periods in cases where necessary precautions are not taken. Periodic evaluation of the area the medical devices are in contact with, removal of unused devices as quickly as possible, and the use of prophylactic dressings can play an important role in preventing MDRPI.