Abstract
This paper reports determining the energy efficiency of a vibratory machine consisting of a viscoelastically fixed platform that can move vertically, and a vibration exciter whose operation is based on the Sommerfeld effect. The body of the vibration exciter rotates at a steady angular speed while there are the same loads in the form of a ball, a roller, or a pendulum inside it. The load, being moved relative to the body, is exposed to the forces of viscous resistance, which are internal within the system. It was established that under the steady oscillatory modes of a vibratory machine's movement, the loads are tightly pressed to each other, thereby forming a combined load. Energy is productively spent on platform oscillations and unproductively dissipated due to the movement of the combined load relative to the body. With an increase in the speed of the body rotation, the increasing internal forces of viscous resistance bring the speed of rotation of the combined load closer to the resonance speed, and the amplitude of platform oscillations increases. However, the combined load, in this case, increasingly lags behind the body, which increases unproductive energy loss and decreases the efficiency of the vibratory machine. A purely resonant motion mode of the vibratory machine produces the maximum amplitude of platform oscillations, the dynamic factor, the total power of viscous resistance forces. In this case, the efficiency reaches its minimum value. To obtain vigorous oscillations of the platform with a simultaneous increase in the efficiency of the vibratory machine, it is necessary to reduce the forces of viscous resistance in supports with a simultaneous increase in the internal forces of viscous resistance. An algorithm for calculating the basic dynamic characteristics of the vibratory machine's oscillatory motion has been built, based on solving the problem parametrically. The accepted parameter is the angular speed at which a combined load gets stuck. The effectiveness of the algorithm has been illustrated using a specific example
Highlights
In resonance vibratory machines, low-mass inertial vibration exciters induce the intense vibrations of platforms [1]
The disadvantage of the studies reported in [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16] is the lack of research into the energy efficiency of vibratory machines whose vibration exciter is made in the form of a passive auto-balancer
At the low speeds of rotor rotation, these forces are not sufficient, the combined load gets stuck at speeds somewhat smaller than the resonance
Summary
Low-mass inertial vibration exciters induce the intense vibrations of platforms [1] This increases the reliability and durability of vibration exciters. The simplest structure is inherent in the inertial vibration exciters whose operation is based on the Sommerfeld effect [2] In such vibration exciters, the unbalanced mass itself gets stuck at one of the resonant frequencies of a vibratory machine’s oscillations, which excites intense resonance oscillations. The unbalanced mass itself adapts to the change in the resonance frequency of the vibratory machine, caused by a change in the load on platforms Such vibration exciters do not need an automatic control system and have the simplest design. Solving problems associated with this issue makes it possible to increase the energy efficiency of resonance vibratory machines at the design stage
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