Determining the dirt capacity of loading pressure water treatment filters with an upward flow of purified water

Abstract

One of the main and important technological characteristics of filter units is dirt holding capacity, the value of which determines the required frequency of the filter’s inter-flushing period. The object of this study is a vertical pressure filter with an upward flow of purified water and a clamped filter layer. The research methods used include analysis of literary sources on the topic under study, experimental studies to measure the quality of source water entering the filter, particle size distribution, filtration speed, pressure loss in the filter load and the nature of the distribution in the filter layer of the load. The study of the dirt holding capacity of the load by its height, the ultimate goal was to determine the nature of the distribution of contaminants along the height of the load, depending on the given particle size distribution under conditions of ultra-high-speed filtration with a constant speed and the movement of water from bottom to top in the direction of decreasing size grain loading. According to the results of studies based on data collected over a one-year period, it is shown that the retained contaminants along the height of the filter load are distributed unevenly; the largest amount of contaminants is retained in the lower layers of the load and as the distance from the lower boundary of the filter load increases, the content of extracted suspended substances in it gradually decreases, and conclusions are also given that, other things being equal (the same particle size distribution and height of the load, the content of suspended substances in source water), the dirt holding capacity of the filter during ultra-high-speed filtration with an upward flow is two and a half times higher than the dirt holding capacity during filtration with a downward flow, and one and a half times higher than the dirt holding capacity during filtration with an upward flow and a constant filtration speed.