Determining the correlation between Cobb angle severity and bone mineral density in women with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Abstract

ObjectivesTo determine the correlation between Cobb angle severity and varying bone mineral density (BMD) and measure the prevalence of low BMD in women with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) in KSA. MethodsThe sample included 54 women with AIS between 10 and 20 years of age. Data regarding Cobb angles and femoral and lumbar Z-scores according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans performed between 2008 and 2018 were reviewed. ResultsOf the 54 patients recruited, 41 exhibited Cobb angles of 40–70° and 13 had Cobb angles >70°. The mean lumbar bone, right femur, and left femur BMDs were markedly higher in those with Cobb angles ≤70° compared with BMDs in those with Cobb angles >70°. Of the group with Cobb angles ≤70°, six (14.6%) and nine (22.0%) exhibited low BMD according to their lumbar and femoral Z-scores, respectively. Of the group with Cobb angles >70°, eight (61.5%) and nine (69.2%) exhibited low BMD according to their lumbar and femoral Z-scores, respectively. ConclusionsFemale AIS patients with greater higher Cobb angles exhibited a significantly higher frequency of low BMDs.