Determining the Anti-malarial potential of an unknown Endophytic Streptomyces species BJSG4 isolated from Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.

Abstract

Malaria is the horrible disease caused by Plasmodium species. Present anti-malarial drug resistant issues alarming the felt need of new drug molecules and research to control the causative agents. So, the present study investigates the antimalarial potential of the Streptomyces sp. BJSG4 isolated from the ethnobotanical medicinal plant Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.)Pers. Stem of Kalanchoepinnata (Lam.) Pers. was used as an isolation source. The isolates were confirmed by traditional and conventional methods. Anti-malarial screening was done against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain under in-vitro condition and the activity was analyzed in GraphPad Prism software (demo version 6. 0). A new endophytic Streptomyces species named BJSG4 was isolated from Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers., an ethnobotanical medicinal plant and a host of the endophyte. The presence of the compound 3-hydroxy-1-(4-{13-(4-(3-hydroxy-3-phenylacryloyl) phenyl) tridecyl}-phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one in the endophyte BJSG4was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The purified compound exhibited in-vitro activity against the malaria parasite Plasmodiumfalciparum3D7 (log IC50 value: 3. 47 nM). A statistical correlation coefficient (R2) value of 0. 9 confirmed the highest level of positive in vitro interaction between the compound and the malaria parasite. Culture-dependent and -independent methods confirmed that the active compound-producing endophyte BJSG4 belongs to the genus Streptomyces. The present study proved that ethnobotanical medicinal plants can be the source of potentially novel drugs produced by endophytic actinomycetes.