Abstract
The global challenge against cardiovascular diseases, some tumours, diabetes, and diabetes-related disorders have accelerated. These conditions are often due to several dysfunctions in the metabolic pathway, which are influenced by diet. One reason for this is that excess consumption of processed foods may be accompanied by conversion of their components into harmful macromolecules such methylglyoxal (MGO) and glyoxal (GO) in the body. These hazardous compounds can be restricted during metabolism by plant-based natural sources or some medications. In this paper, anti-diabetic beverages such as green tea, bergamot-flavored black tea, and olive-leaf tea were used as plant-based sources, and functional snacks were developed using these ingredients. According to the results, the teas limited the formation of glycation products, with the greatest effects from bergamot-flavored black tea, followed by green tea and olive-leaf tea, respectively. The rates of MGO reduction were 83.80 ± 4.19, 97.84 ± 4.4, and 96.51 ± 4.37 µg/100 g, while the rates of GO reduction were 65.18 ± 2.95, 93.7 ± 4.2, and 33.1 ± 1.50 µg/100 g, respectively.
Highlights
According to recently published data from the International Diabetes Federation, the number of people with diabetes worldwide has reached 451 million (Li et al, 2020)
One of the main reasons for the occurrence of complications is the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive carbonyl species (RCS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which occur with long-term hyperglycemia (Macit & Akbulut, 2015)
This research will provide a broad idea about the anti-diabetic compounds and their effects, helping scientists and individuals to choose the appropriate dietary components
Summary
According to recently published data from the International Diabetes Federation, the number of people with diabetes worldwide has reached 451 million (Li et al, 2020). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious metabolic disorder with microvascular and macrovascular complications that have a major impact on the health and life expectancy of affected individuals (Burçak, 2008; Anwar et al, 2021). These complications cause many diseases, such as neuropathy (neural damage), retinopathy (eye disease), nephropathy (kidney disease), atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), rheumatoid arthritis, and cataracts (Patel et al, 2020). Damage by MGO to low-density lipoprotein through glycation causes a fourfold increase of atherogenesis in diabetics (Rabbani et al, 2011)
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