Determine the Outcome of Traumatic Extradural Hematoma and to Compare the Outcome of Small and Large Size Extradural Hematoma

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the outcome of traumatic extradural hematoma and to compare the outcome of small and large size extradural hematoma. Study Design: Descriptive case study Place and Duration: Study was conducted at the department of Neurosurgery, Saidu Teaching Hospital, Saidu Sharif, Swat for duration of two years from January 2016 to December 2017. Methods: Total one hundred and forty patients of both genders with ages 2-70 years were presented. Patients had traumatic extradural hematoma within duration first 24 hours were included and admitted through the emergency department. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases age, sex, GCS on arrival and cause of injury were recorded after taking informed written consent. CT scan of all the patients was done for diagnosis. Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) was used for determination of outcomes. SPSS 23.0 version was used to analyze the data. Results: There were 110 (78.6%) male patients and 30 (21.4%) patients were females. Mean age of the patients was 32.78±10.43 years. RTA was the most common cause found in 84 (60%) followed by falling 29 (20.7%) and assault in 27 (19.3%). Small size hematoma volume among 100 (71.4%) cases and large size was in 40 (28.6%) patients. According to Glasgow outcome score, 24 (17.1%) cases had 1-3 score and 116 (82.9%) cases had 4-5 score. Mean GOS was 4.01±1.12. We found successful outcomes among 116 (82.9%) cases in which majority of the patients were from small size extradural hematoma. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that a significant relationship exists between the volume of extradural hematoma and both the clinical and functional outcome. Prognosis becomes increasingly worse with rising extradural hematoma size. Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury, Extradural Hematoma, Glasgow Outcome Score