Abstract
Vitamin K is a group of lipophilic molecules. Forms of vitamin K play an essential role in the activation of specific proteins involved in blood clotting cascade or bone metabolism. Another molecule belonging to the fat-soluble vitamins group that also plays an important role in calcium metabolism is vitamin D3. The dietary supplements containing vitamins K and D3 are one of the most frequently consumed by patients. The objective of this work was to develop a simple, fast and sensitive thin-layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometric procedure for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of vitamins K and D3 in pharmaceutical products and dietary supplements. The analysis of vitamins was performed on the silica gel RP-18 F₂₅₄s plates with methanol-ethanol-isopropanol in a volume ratio of 15:1:4 as a mobile phase. The densitometric measurements were made at 254 nm. The method was validated by checking the specificity, linearity, precision, recovery, limit of detection, limit of quantification and robustness in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The method was shown to be specific, accurate (recoveries were from 95.78 to 104.96%), linear over the tested range (correlation coefficient, exceeding 0.99), and precise (precision and intermediate precision RSD below 2.70% for all analytes). The satisfactory results of the validation of the method indicate that it can be used in the quality control of dietary supplements and pharmaceutical products containing vitamins K and D3.
Highlights
Vitamin K is a group of lipophilic molecules, of which vitamin K1 constitutes the major part of our diet [1]
As described in the introduction, vitamin K2 plays an important role in regulating blood calcium levels and bone metabolism, while vitamin K1 mainly affects the blood coagulation process
The beneficial effect of vitamin K on bone mineralization can be enhanced by simultaneous supplementation with vitamin D3, which is largely responsible for calcium metabolism
Summary
Vitamin K is a group of lipophilic molecules, of which vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) constitutes the major part of our diet [1]. The chemical structure of vitamin K consists of a 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone structure with a side-chain in the third position [2]. According to the structure of the side-chain at the third position of the naphthoquinone ring, vitamin K can be divided into different subtypes, such as. Vitamin K1 has a singular form but menaquinones (vitamin K2 ) include fourteen isoforms (MK-1 to MK-14) with a variable side-chain of n isoprene units (Figure 1), generating a series of isoforms referred to MK-n [3,4]. Side-chain: (isoprenyl)n (i.e., n = 4 MK-4, n = 7 MK-7, n = 9 MK-9 form of vitamin K2)
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