Determination of transition dipole moments of solids with high-order harmonics driven by multicycle ultrashort pulses

Abstract

We propose an all-optical method to reconstruct the transition dipole moment of solid materials. Our method is realized by high-order harmonic generation driving by a multicycle laser pulse. The relations between the transition dipole moment and the harmonic yield are established. It is found that the transition dipole phase is related to the intensity ratio of the neighboring odd and even harmonics, and the modulus of the transition dipole moment is related to the odd harmonics. We investigate the high-order harmonic generation in symmetric crystals and asymmetric crystals by solving the semiconductor Bloch equations and use these relations to successfully reconstruct their relative transition dipole moments.