Abstract
A commercial and disposable screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) has been proposed for a fast, simple and low-cost determination of Ni(II) at very low concentration levels by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV) in the presence of dimethylglyoxime (DMG) as complexing agent. In contrast with previously proposed methods, the Ni(II)-DMG complex adsorbs directly on the screen-printed carbon surface, with no need of mercury, bismuth or antimony coatings. Well-defined stripping peaks and a linear dependence of the peak area on the concentration of Ni(II) was achieved in the range from 1.7 to 150 µg L−1, with a limit of detection of 0.5 µg L−1 using a deposition time of 120 s. An excellent reproducibility and repeatability with 0.3% (n = 3) and 1.5% (n = 15) relative standard deviation, respectively, were obtained. In addition, the suitability of the SPCE as sensing unit has been successfully assessed in a wastewater certificated reference material with remarkable trueness and very good reproducibility.
Highlights
Stripping voltametric methods are especially suitable for trace metal analysis in environmental samples, due to their exceptional features such as good detection limits, reproducibility and selectivity [1]
In the last two decades, the number of works devoted to the development of sensors with similar electrochemical performance than that exhibited by mercury electrodes has increased rapidly
differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV) measurements of a solution containing 10 μg Linear range (μg L)−1 Ni(II) at pH 9.2 and 5 × 10−5 mol L−1 DMG were done at several Ed and td values varying from −0.6 V to
Summary
Stripping voltametric methods are especially suitable for trace metal analysis in environmental samples, due to their exceptional features such as good detection limits, reproducibility and selectivity [1]. SPEs can be used either in its bare form or as a support for a large variety of modifications Their disposability, low-cost and reproducible character allow the substitution of every device after some measurements by a new unit with comparable performance, avoiding the periodic and tedious polishing and cleaning protocols of traditional solid electrodes. In this way, taking advantage of the above-mentioned specific features, sensors based on SPEs are very appropriate for continuous monitoring, sample screening and on-site analysis [6,7,8]
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