Determination of trace elements in seawater and river water by atomic absorption spectrometry with the use of an electrothermal crucible atomizer with two evaporation zones for solid samples

Abstract

Direct and sorption-atomic absorption spectrometric determination methods were developed for dissolved and suspended Cd, Pb, and Tl species in seawater and river water were developed. These methods involve the step of ashing solid matrices (suspension or suspension + concentrate) in the crucible-rod system followed by the simultaneous atomization of a thermally modified sample and a condensate of volatile components. A crucible-cell-rod three-chamber graphite electrothermal atomizer with two evaporation zones and a common isothermal analytical zone, which were heated independently, was proposed for the analysis of these matrices. The approach proposed improved the metrological characteristics of the results of determining volatile metals in samples with high organic matter contents.