Abstract
BackgroundMetal pollution of waterways directly affects human health and can impact the food chain. Seafood living in polluted water can accumulate trace metals. The purpose of this study was to analyze the toxic metals Pb and Cd and the dietary essential metals Zn and Mn in 120 cans of tuna species from four different brands processed in Iran and purchased in 2012.ResultsThe mean level of metals for each brands of canned fish obtained in mg/kg were as follows: yellowfin tuna (Pb: 0.19 ± 0.015, Zn: 5.77 ± 4.17, Mn: 0.08 ± 0.07, Cd: 0.15 ± 0.12), Kilka (Pb: 0.95 ± 0.88, Zn: 30.47 ± 29.82, Mn: 1.01 ± 0.73, Cd: 0.07 ± 0.05), Kawakawa (Pb: 0.28 ± 0.23, Zn: 6.77 ± 5.21, Mn: 0.17 ± 0.12, Cd: 0.12 ± 0.09), longtail tuna (Pb: 1.59 ± 1.56, Zn: 7.44 ± 6.11, Mn: 0.04 ± 0.03, Cd: 0.06 ± 0.04). Pb, Zn and Cd levels were generally higher than the FAO/WHO permissible limits (Pb: 0.50 mg/kg, Zn: 50.0 mg/kg and Cd: 0.50 mg/kg) and the European Union acceptable dietary limits.ConclusionsBased on the United States Environmental Protection Agency health criteria, there is no health risk associated with Mn concentration in the samples analyzed. The limits of detection of the method for Pb, Zn, Mn and Cd in mg/kg were 0.01, 0.5, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively. The result of the one-way analysis of variance suggested significant variations (p < 0.05) in the concentration of the metals in the different types of canned fish with the following being outside of compliance levels.
Highlights
During the last few decades there has been a growing interest in determining the level of toxic metals in marine and fresh water environments with additional emphasis on the measurement of contamination levels in the food supply, fish [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12] including canned fish
Sample collection During the year 2012, 120 samples (185 g each) of four different commercial types of canned fish commonly consumed in Iran (30 samples for each type: “Famila Co.” (Tehran): yellowfin tuna (YT) (Thunnus albacares); “Shilaneh Co.” (Qazvin): common Kilka (CK) (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia); “Pars Tuna Co.” (Bushehr): Kawakawa (Ka) (Euthynnus affinis), and “Hiltune Co.” (Tehran): longtail tuna (LT) (Thunnus tonggol)) were purchased at markets within Tehran
The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Mn and Cd in canned fish are presented in Table 2 along with relevant statistical parameters
Summary
During the last few decades there has been a growing interest in determining the level of toxic metals in marine and fresh water environments with additional emphasis on the measurement of contamination levels in the food supply, fish [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12] including canned fish. Tuzen and Soylak determined the Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Se, Al, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd concentrations in canned fish marketed in Turkey [1]. Metal pollution of waterways directly affects human health and can impact the food chain. The purpose of this study was to analyze the toxic metals Pb and Cd and the dietary essential metals Zn and Mn in 120 cans of tuna species from four different brands processed in Iran and purchased in 2012
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