Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study was Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds, total flavonoides content and antioxidant potential of flower buds, foliages, bark and root of a perennial herb, Calligonum polygonoides (Phog) of Thar Desert. Methodology: The methanolic extracts of different plant parts of C. polygonoides were subjected to LC-MS/MS (Waters Acquity UPLC-PDA, TQD) analysis for phenolic identification and spectrophotometric assay of total phenolic and flavonoids content and total antioxidant activity was estimated. Results: A total of 15 phenolic compounds were identified and quantified, among which gallic acid content was abundant, followed by catechin. Besides these, the other major phenolic compounds detected in different plant parts were vanillic, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, coumeric acid, catechol, vanillic acid, epicatechin and syringic acid. Extremely higher values were recorded for total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity. The values for phenol, flavonoids and total antioxidant activity in bark extracts were higher than that of clove extract. Interpretation: The identified phenolic compounds possess high antioxidant potential. These results provide scientific evidence for use of C. polygonoides as safe natural antioxidant compounds in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industry.
Highlights
Calligonum polygonoides L. is an endemic and threatened species reported from arid zones of India, especially ‘Thar Desert’
Plant material: Flower bud, foliage, bark and root of C. polygonoides were collected from the research farm of ICARCentral Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner
For comparison of phenolic content, flavanoids content and total antioxidant activity, clove was used as a standard
Summary
Calligonum polygonoides L. is an endemic and threatened species reported from arid zones of India, especially ‘Thar Desert’. It belongs to family Polygonaceae, and is popularly known as “Phogala” “Phog” and “Phogaro” by local community (Bhandari, 1978). C. polygonoides is a small high 3-4 feet perennial shrub with articulate, whitish and fragile branches, possessing winter shedding characteristics. It is highly drought and frost resistant in its native habitat of hot arid region of the ‘Thar Desert’ and is dominant biomass producer of this region (Khan, 1997). The area of naturally occurring C. polygonoides plantation is reducing drastically due to its heavy demand in charcoal production industries, overgrazing and sand mining (Tadevosyan, 2001)
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