Determination of Total Mercury in Spanish Samples of Baby Food, Fast Food, and Daily Meal

Abstract

This study determined the levels of total mercury in Spanish samples of baby food, fast food, and daily meal, which people of different ages consume, to evaluate potential toxicological risks through the contribution to the tolerable daily intake (TDI). The total mercury concentrations were determined in thirteen commercial baby foods for infants 6 to 12 months old, six types of fast foods prepared for children, and nine canteen menus prepared for adults. Samples were analyzed using a direct mercury analyzer, and the following concentration ranges were found: baby food (0.57-41.9 µg kg–1), fast food (0.54-68 µg kg–1), and adult menus (0.43-638 µg kg–1). The recovery of different amounts of spiked mercury ranged from 98.6 to 104.9%, and the method’s accuracy was checked with an analysis of different certified reference materials. The limits of detection and quantification obtained were 0.1 and 0.3 µg kg–1, respectively, with a relative standard deviation of up to 11%. The contribution of the samples to the TDI varied as follows: baby food (0.3-28%), fast food (0.5-102%), and adult menus (0.3-396%). Therefore, it was concluded that total mercury daily intake does not pose risks for Spanish children and adults if tuna is not included on their menu.