Abstract

The susceptibility of cotton genotypes obtained from F6 and F7 generations to Verticillium wilt (VW) disease (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.), was studied under artificial and natural infestation during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons at the Cotton Research Institute’s, Nazilli, Aydın, Turkey. In this study, fifteen cotton breeding lines and two control varieties were used as plant material. During the cotton growing season, foliar disease index (FDI), vascular disease index (VDI) and pot disease index (PDI) were observed in addition to seed cotton yield and some fiber quality characteristics. According to the obtained results, disease severity (DS) values observed in pot experiments were higher than field trials. In terms of DS, ‘Tamcot CD3H’ × ‘Tamcot Luxor-III’, ‘Maraş92’ × ‘Tamcot Sphinx’ and ‘Sayar 314’ × ‘Stoneville 453-I’ breeding lines exhibited similar values with tolerant ‘Carmen’ variety. ‘Tamcot CD3H’ × ‘Tamcot Sphinx’, ‘Sayar 314’ × ‘Stoneville 453-I’, ‘Sayar 314’ × ‘Stoneville 453-II’ and ‘Stoneville 453’ × ‘Tamcot Sphinx’ breeding lines which gave similar DS values with tolerant ‘Carmen’ variety were statistically on the same group with ‘Carmen’ variety suitable to seed cotton yield. In this study, the disease tolerant breeding lines had higher fiber strength values than susceptible lines, the lowest fiber strength value obtained from ‘Cukurova 1518’ susceptible variety.

Highlights

  • Cotton is one of the most important strategic crops playing a key role in economic development of Turkey and all counties where it cultivated

  • The mean values obtained from the investigated characteristics, regarding foliar disease index (FDI)-1 and FDI-2, vascular disease index (VDI) and pot disease index (PDI) are presented in Tab. 1

  • Mean values of seed cotton yield (SCY), and ginning percentage (GP) are presented in Tab. 2; mean values of fiber length (FL), fiber fineness (FF) and fiber strength (FS) are presented in Tab. 3

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Summary

Introduction

Cotton is one of the most important strategic crops playing a key role in economic development of Turkey and all counties where it cultivated. In Turkey, totally 542.000 ha of Upland cotton was grown and 954.600 tons lint yield was produced in Southeastern Anatolia, Aegean, Çukurova and Antalya Regions (Anonymous, 2011). Verticillium dahliae fungus causes diseases up to 400 plant species in many crops such as vegetables, leguminous plants, ornamentals, industrial plants, orchards and wild plants apart from cotton ( Joaquim and Rowe, 1990). Yield losses due to VW in cotton were found 75% in California, 8-10% in Russia and 4% in Syria (Bejarano-Alcazar et al, 1996). It was reported that the disease causes yield losses with average 3.1% per year on 10 years period in the USA (Devay, 2001). Chemical control is not an effective method, one of the most effective methods for controlling disease is using resistant varieties (El-Zik, 1985; Erdoğan et al, 2006; Wilhelm et al, 1974)

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