Abstract
The article describes a method for the determination of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) in sunscreens using N-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs). The TiO2-NPs are first extracted from the highly lipophilic sunscreen via liquid-liquid extraction. Subsequent fluorimetric analysis of the extracts is based on the quenching effect exerted by TiO2NPs on the fluorescence of N-GQDs. The effect is assumed to be due to an electrostatic interaction and/or hydrogen bonding between the particles. The limit of detection for TiO2NPs is 1.4 μg⋅g‾1. The precision at a 5 μg⋅g‾1 concentration of TiO2NPs is 6.95 %. The optimized procedure was successively applied to the determination of TiO2 NPs in sunscreens with different sun protection factors.
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