Determination of the thermodynamic equilibrium constants of ion-exchange processes

Abstract

The thermodynamic equilibrium constants of a number of chemical reactions have not yet been evaluated, since the values of the activities of the various interacting and formed species are unknown. This paper describes various approaches to the determination of thermodynamic equilibrium constants of ion-exchange processes. There are two general ways: 1. (a) determination of thermodynamic equilibrium constants from distribution measurements, and 2. (b) determination of thermodynamic equilibrium constants from calorimetric measurements. Various theoretical approaches, more or less successful, are discussed and compared.