Determination of the structure park of semitrailed and trailed machines for applying solid mineral fertilizers

Abstract

The yield of crops depends on the effective use of solid mineral fertilizers. The effectiveness of the mineral fertilizers themselves depends on the method and quality of their application (uniform distribution and place of supply to the roots of plants). In recent years, the Russian market has a large number of imported machines and equipment for the application of solid mineral fertilizers, which creates certain difficulties in their maintenance and operation and the lack of a policy for the production of domestically made machines. The main advantage of trailed and semi-mounted machines designed for fertilizer application is a large bunker volume, reduced load on the tractor and the width of the grip. The article describes the technology of mineral fertilizers, considers the need for trailed and semi-mounted machines with the corresponding cost of working time and determine the book value of machines at the manufacturer. In the study of existing technologies of fertilizer application, the volume and timing of application, the required number of vehicles, as well as technical, operational and technical and economic indicators, five baseline options were considered, differing from one another by the degree of consideration of the real situation. As a result, the estimated number of machines required for each option was obtained. Based on the study, it was concluded that for the qualitative use of solid mineral fertilizer application technology, it is necessary to reduce the loss of working time, reduce vehicle downtime for operational reasons, provide agricultural producers with high-performance spreaders and loaders.