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Abstract
Achieving good piezoelectric properties, such as the widely reported d33 charge coefficient, is a good starting point in establishing the potential applicability of piezoceramics. However, piezoceramics are only completely characterized by consistent piezoelectric-elastic-dielectric material coefficient matrices in complex form, i.e., including all losses. These matrices, which define the various alternative forms of the constitutive equations of piezoelectricity, are required for reliable virtual prototyping in the design of new devices. To meet this need, ten precise and accurate piezoelectric dielectric and elastic coefficients of the material, including all losses, must be determined for each alternative. Due to the difficulties arising from the coupling of modes when using the resonance method, this complete set of parameters is scarcely reported. Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based solid solutions are already commercially available in Europe and Japan. Here, we report a case study of the determination of these sets of material coefficients (diα, giα, eiα and hiα; sE,Dαβ and cE,Dαβ; εTik and εSik; and βTik and βSik), including all losses, of the commercial PIC700 eco-piezoceramic. Plate, disk, and cylinder ceramic resonators of a manageable aspect ratio were used to obtain all the material coefficients. The validation procedure of the matrices is also given by FEA modeling of the considered resonators.
Highlights
Piezoceramics of Bi0.5 Na0.5 TiO3 -based solid solutions are already commercially available in Europe under the denomination, PIC700 [1]
Thin PIC700 ceramic plates of a ratio between the length for electrical excitation to thickness for poling L/t = 3.75 were initially prepared with t = 2.00 mm
Measurements were taken after each step for the control of the coupling
Summary
Piezoceramics of Bi0.5 Na0.5 TiO3 -based solid solutions are already commercially available in Europe under the denomination, PIC700 [1]. Achieving good piezoelectric properties, such as the widely reported d33 charge coefficient for sensors, is a good starting point in establishing their potential applicability. Its potential for modeling lead-free commercial piezoceramics is still insufficiently exploited. This is due to the lack of complete sets of data, including all losses, for many of these. Piezoelectric ceramics have lossy properties, which are conveniently defined by complex values (P* = P0 − iP”) [5,6], and possess an induced anisotropy, created by the unique direction of the electric poling field. Piezoceramics are dispersive and non-linear materials, and their set of properties only has validity in a given range of applied electrical and mechanical fields and frequencies
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