Determination of the Open Risers more Effective Zone for Steel Wheel Casts

Abstract

The manufacture by casting, remains the most economical way to obtain pieces with complex geometries and diverse alloys. This is a highly complex process given the large number of variables and factors involved in it, thus, when one of these is ignored and/or left out of control, process errors and distortions usually occur. The present paper introduces a design of experiment of the type: Central Composite Design (22) + Star, that took into account the variation of important parameters in the pouring, solidification and cooling process, such as pouring temperature and pouring ratio, and that also added the “coefficient factor” relating the geometric parameters of the risers. This design studied the factors ‘effects in 16 runs, including 2 central points per block, with the aim of finding the best working area of the risers and the optimal values of the parameters studied under specific conditions. The statistical processing of the data obtained showed the relationships between the parameters studied and the different regression equations. The results obtained allowed to establish new procedures and work volumes for the risers in order to reduce the consumption of material during the process.