Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are common environmental pollutants that reach atmosphere in the form of aerosol adsorbed on soot, ash and dust. Having in mind its carcinogenic and mutagenic effects most countries have regulations concerning their estimation in environmental samples. In this work we have investigated extraction efficiency of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from flying particles collected on glass fiber filters. Efficiency of extraction of different duration in Soxhlet apparatus, ultrasonic bath and boiling toluene under reflux were compared. It has been established that compounds having two or three condensed rings are lost during evaporation of toluene that was used as a solvent. For compounds having five or more condensed rings extraction in ultrasonic bath and boiling toluene using magnetic stirrer and reflux are the most efficient.
Highlights
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are group of organic compounds whose molecules are composed of two, three or more six-member, sometimes five-member rings condensed in linear or angular form
Mechanism of carcinogenic impact of PAHs is based on its metabolic transformation involving cytochrom-dependent monooxygenazes that give dihydrodioles which can be further oxydized giving rise to substances that can have stable carbonium ion [4]
Up to date different extraction procedures of PAHs from particulate matter have been published [7, 8]. These methods involve the use of different solvents in Soxhlet apparatus [9], use of ultrasonic bath [10, 11], extraction with supercritical fluids [12,13], exraction with ionic tenzides [14] or extraction assisted by micro waves [15]
Summary
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are group of organic compounds whose molecules are composed of two, three or more six-member, sometimes five-member rings condensed in linear or angular form. In this work we have investigated extraction in ultrasonic bath lasting 30 minutes and 3 hours, extraction in boiling toluene with magnetic stirrer under the reflux lasting 30 minutes and 3 hours and extraction in Soxhlet apparatus lasting 5 hours. Following polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were investigated: naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphtene, fluorene, phenatrene, anthracene, pyrene, fluorantene chryzene, benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(a,h)anthracene.
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