Determination of the Distribution and Sources of Inorganic Pollutants in Particular Material in the Atmosphere of Istanbul

Abstract

In this study, metal analyzes were made on filtered samples belonging to different periods of 2017 and 2018 at the air quality stations in Yenibosna, Aksaray and Kadıköy in Istanbul, and were evaluated together with sulfate, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and ozone parameters published by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Correlations among the metals and among gases were calculated. Considering all the data, the heavy metals with the highest correlation were Fe-Cu (0.93) and Mn-Zn (0.80). In order to determine whether the metal analysis results are at the level of pollution, the enrichment factor was calculated by taking the aluminum element as a reference. The elements that was seen enrichment in all stations are Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb. In addition, the ratios of the average enrichment factors to each other were calculated in order to determine the changes in the compared periods (summer-winter or months) at the stations. In the Aksaray station, where summer-winter comparison was made, the metals with the highest enrichment in winter were Pb and Ni. In order to see the effect of the quarantines applied periodically throughout the country due to the Covid-19 pandemic on the air pollution in Istanbul, the pollutant gas data shared by the IMM AQMC for 2019, 2020 and 2021 years were evaluated and seen that different situations at each station. In Kadıköy station, both the lowest CO and the highest NO and NOx (although they decreased significantly) emissions were determined in 2021.