Abstract
Progress toward the accurate calculation of the forces which the electrolyte environment exerts on nucleic acid constituents is described. The development of a three-dimensional representation of the structure of the counterion atmosphere as a function of electrolyte concentration and of nucleotide base sequence is presented. Application to a 30 base-pair segment of DNA in monovalent salt solution at concentrations from 10-5 to 0.3M and in divalent salt solution at 10-5M have led to conclusions regarding the association of counterions and have allowed the calculation of the electric field vector which is generated by the structured electrolyte charges at individual atomic centers of the DNA.
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