Determination of the Degree of Manifestation of Inversion of Sexual Dimorphism of Female Athletes of Pair and Group Types of Acrobatics

Abstract

Aim: The article is devoted to the study and determination of the degree of manifestation of the inversion of sexual dimorphism according to the masculinity index and J.Tanner's method in female acrobats (sub-elite and elite athletes) and non-athletes. Materials and Methods: athletes specializing in pair and group sports acrobatics (n=74). Acrobatic girls were divided into 2 groups taking into account the functional duties (roles) in the group and the pair (Х±SD): 1) the roles above (on top) (n=32), puberty age (13.96±1.02), 2) roles in the middle and below (n=42), youth age (19.36±2.86). Sports qualifications of female athletes: sub-elite and elite athletes. Results: The average values (Х±SD) of the masculinity index in female acrobats of the top (above) roles are 1.45±0.003, in those in the middle and below – 1.34±0.08, and in non-sports persons – 1, 30±0.04. Somatotyping according to J.Tanner in acrobats of both roles revealed changes in sexual constitution. In acrobats aged 12-15 years (n=32): mesomorphic somatotype was found in 31.25% of female athletes (77.28±3.21), gynecomorphic in 68.75% (95.55±0.41) at p<0.05. In female acrobats of roles in the middle and below (age 16-23 years, n=42), mesomorphic somatotype was found in 80.95% of cases (61.64±2.17), andromorphic in 19.05% of female athletes (98, 21±0.55) at p<0.05. Conclusions: In female acrobat roles in the middle and below are dominated by athletes with mesomorphic somatotype and with a significant percentage of andromorphic somatotype. Female athletes in the roles above (of the top roles) have preserved the female (gynomorphic) somatotype according to J.Tanner's methodology.